Missing Sentences – Paragraph Completion Test 1


Missing Sentences - Paragraph Completion Test 1

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Question 1

Every year, 100 million holiday-makers go to the Mediterranean. With one-third of the world's tourist trade, it is the most popular of all the holiday areas; yet, it is also the most polluted. _____.

A
Therefore, the tourist industry here is in great danger.
B
Several European countries have changed their economic policies.
C
The housing problem has increased over the years.
D
However, the great civilizations of the past are no longer tourist attractions.
E
The average tourist prefers guest houses to hotels.
Question 1 Explanation: 
The passage says the Mediterranean is the most popular holiday area but also the most polluted. The missing sentence gives the result of this contrast, and Therefore introduces that result: pollution puts tourism in great danger. The other options do not follow from the pollution point.
Question 2

Veronica Moss is a small British firm which makes wedding dresses. It is now expanding into European markets. _____. This will only be possible if sufficient, highly skilled workers can be recruited.

A
Then management has the full support of all its workers.
B
Many governments have raised the tax on luxury goods.
C
An advertising campaign has already proved successful.
D
The new designs are well illustrated in the catalogue.
E
However, to be successful, it needs to increase its production.
Question 2 Explanation: 
The next sentence says This will only be possible if enough skilled workers are found. This must refer to something that needs workers, so the gap must mention increasing production. However also fits, because expanding brings a new need.
Question 3

When people are ill, they frequently seek medical help. _____. When they feel they are not well, they either go to a quiet place and rest or look for the kind of herbs and plants they feel will do them good.

A
The majority of medicines are not very expensive.
B
Animals, on the other hand, are their own doctors.
C
Unfortunately, it is children who suffer most in this respect.
D
In the case of animals, medical care is even more essential.
E
People suffer from certain incurable diseases.
Question 3 Explanation: 
The first sentence is about people, but the third sentence describes creatures that rest or look for herbs and plants. The missing sentence must change the topic to animals and contrast them with people, which on the other hand does. Not In the case of animals, medical care is even more essential, because the passage says animals treat themselves.
Question 4

It is surprising how little is known, even today, about memory. This is largely due to the fact that we have no way of watching the memory function. _____. Hopefully, with the advances in high technology, the secrets of the mechanism of the memory will soon be revealed.

A
The harder people try to remember something the less they are able to remember.
B
When people get older their memory often fails them.
C
In the past, many books were written on medicine.
D
Still, a great deal of research on the subject is being carried out.
E
One way in which animals differ from man is that they have no memory.
Question 4 Explanation: 
The passage says little is known about memory, and then it hopes the secrets will soon be revealed. The gap needs a link between these ideas. Still (= nevertheless) introduces the research that is going on despite the difficulty.
Question 5

_____ Many came willingly, to find a better life. Some were forced to come as slaves or to be used as cheap labour; some were driven from their homelands for political reasons and some fled from war.

A
In the past, many of the American tribes were at war with each other.
B
The history of the United States is filled with accounts of people who came here from all over the world for several reasons.
C
In the last century, Africa was a continent that attracted few people except scientists and explorers.
D
Technological advances in agriculture have changed the face of the earth.
E
Environmental pollution still continues to be a major threat throughout the continent.
Question 5 Explanation: 
The following sentences explain why people came: some willingly, some as slaves, some for political reasons and some to escape war. So the opening sentence must introduce people coming from all over the world for several reasons. Many and Some refer back to these people.
Question 6

A well-written essay should be unified; _____. The first requirement for unity is that the main idea should be clear. The second requirement is that there are no unrelated parts.

A
the selection of an interesting subject is therefore of vital importance.
B
even so, essays may vary considerably in length.
C
that is, everything in it should be related to the main idea.
D
in fact, most essays are carefully planned.
E
essay competitions have recently become quite popular.
Question 6 Explanation: 
The phrase that is introduces a definition of the word before it, unified. The following sentences on the requirements for unity (a clear main idea, no unrelated parts) confirm that everything must relate to the main idea.
Question 7

In China, the style of decoration of these bowls developed through the years. Early examples had narrow bands of geometric designs, _____. Often, those designs included stylized dragons, birds and snakes.

A
while later ones had complex patterns covering the entire vessel
B
because the Chinese worshipped animals
C
and they developed their technique in the course of time
D
although Chinese casting has never been equalled
E
moreover, they are fairly primitive
Question 7 Explanation: 
The first sentence says the decoration developed through the years. So Early examples needs a contrast with later ones, and while makes that contrast: narrow bands then, complex patterns covering the whole vessel later.
Question 8

_____. Until a programme is prepared and stored in the computer's memory, the computer "knows" absolutely nothing, not even how to accept or reject data. Even the most sophisticated computer must be told what to do.

A
A computer is similar to a typewriter.
B
A computer can repeat the same operation over and over again forever if permitted.
C
Computers are widely used because they save time.
D
Computers solve problems by means of various mathematical and decision-making operations.
E
Like all machines, a computer needs to be directed and controlled if it is to perform a task successfully.
Question 8 Explanation: 
The rest of the passage says a computer knows absolutely nothing until it gets a programme and must be told what to do. The topic sentence must therefore say that a computer needs to be directed and controlled. The other options are true facts about computers, but they do not introduce this idea.
Question 9

There is something more in bringing up children than feeding them well, housing them healthily and washing them regularly. The emotional development of children depends greatly on the actions of their parents. _____ The adult may need social security but for the child, family security is of even greater importance.

A
Every child imitates his parents.
B
Children need the security of a peaceful family life.
C
Friendship is not an important factor in a child's life.
D
Family life has little effect on a child's social development.
E
However, a child does not learn much from his parents.
Question 9 Explanation: 
The last sentence says that family security is very important for a child. The missing sentence prepares for this idea by saying children need the security of a peaceful family life. The other options contradict the passage or are off the topic.
Question 10

Getting through a day without being touched by the press would be difficult. We have daily morning and evening newspapers and weekly news magazines. _____. What we eat, what we buy, what we do, and what we think are influenced by the press.

A
The power of the press upon us is really enormous.
B
One should not start the day without reading a newspaper.
C
Newspaper sales are less than magazine sales.
D
The effect of the press on the public is not so important as some people like to suggest.
E
The number of newspaper readers is decreasing day by day.
Question 10 Explanation: 
The passage says the press touches us every day and influences what we eat, buy, do and think. The gap needs a sentence about the press's great influence: The power of the press upon us is really enormous. Not the option saying the effect is not so important, because that contradicts the last sentence.
Question 11

A green leaf is a factory in which a plant manufactures its own food. _____. In this case, the raw materials are water and carbon dioxide, which is obtained from the air. The sun provides the energy.

A
As in all factories, raw materials and energy are essential.
B
This process is called photosynthesis.
C
That is why some leaves are broader than others.
D
Plants take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen.
E
That's why we should keep plants in our homes.
Question 11 Explanation: 
The next sentence begins In this case, the raw materials are…, so the gap must already mention raw materials and energy. This continues the factory comparison from the first sentence. Not This process is called photosynthesis, because it does not introduce raw materials.
Question 12

Man has been polluting the Earth from the time he lit his first fire and washed his clothes in the river. _____ This is no longer true. The increase in population and the spread of industry have changed all this.

A
Now motorways and superhighways have reduced the amount of good farming land.
B
At first, the Earth could handle this problem because there was plenty of space, fresh air and water.
C
Crops have to be treated with chemicals and these are often poisonous.
D
In large cities, cars are responsible for about 80 per cent of the air pollution.
E
There are two main causes of air pollution: fumes from vehicles and chimneys.
Question 12 Explanation: 
The next sentence says This is no longer true, so the gap must describe something that was true in the past but has changed. At first, the Earth could handle this problem fits, because population growth and industry later changed it.
Question 13

Napoleon was a very famous general. He also did a great deal to bring law and order back to his country. _____. People remember how he was defeated in the Russian campaign and how he died on the island of St. Helena.

A
The people of France regarded him as a traitor.
B
The importance of the French Revolution is still being discussed.
C
Napoleon's rise to fame was fast.
D
He kept this title of Emperor until his death.
E
But somehow it is his failures that he is known for.
Question 13 Explanation: 
The first two sentences list Napoleon's successes, and the last sentence lists his defeat and death in exile. The missing sentence links the two with a contrast: But somehow it is his failures that he is known for.
Question 14

Sometimes it’s good to get away after a long busy week and relax. As often as I can, I spend a quiet weekend with my aunt who lives on the coast. _____. I always come back rested and ready to work again.

A
Unfortunately, she expects me to help her run the hotel.
B
There, the air is clean and it is always quiet and peaceful.
C
So next weekend I shan't be able to go.
D
The house is always crowded and noisy.
E
She is old and cannot live by herself.
Question 14 Explanation: 
The writer goes to the aunt's place to relax and always comes back rested. So the gap must describe a restful place: clean air, quiet and peaceful. Options about a noisy house or work at a hotel contradict this.
Question 15

Smoking can be an expensive habit. _____. Since smoke has a bad smell, smokers often find that their clothes need to be cleaned more frequently, and this too is expensive.

A
In many countries, cigarettes are not advertised.
B
It is also hazardous to your health.
C
It can give one a "smoker's cough."
D
The price of cigarettes or tobacco is not the only expense smokers incur.
E
Governments should take steps to prevent smoking in public places.
Question 15 Explanation: 
The passage is about the costs of smoking, and it ends with another expense, cleaning clothes (this too is expensive). The gap must say that cigarettes are not the only expense. Not It is also hazardous to your health, because the passage is about money, not health.
Question 16

When we were halfway through the valley, I looked at the others: _____. I was very worried, for we still had a long way to walk, and there wasn't more than an hour's daylight left.

A
they all looked as tired as I felt.
B
they were all sitting in the bus.
C
it was still early in the morning.
D
some of us are still eating.
E
next, we organized a game of cards.
Question 16 Explanation: 
The writer is worried because they still have far to walk and there is little daylight left. So the others must look tired: they all looked as tired as I felt. The other options contradict the story: they are walking, not on a bus, and it is late, not early morning.
Question 17

In the Arctic, winters are not so cold as is usually believed. The fairly warm water of the Gulf Stream flows under the ice of the polar seas. This warm water acts like a great radiator, _____.

A
over 120 different kinds of plants grow in the Arctic.
B
the ice is several metres thick.
C
the ice flows slowly to the sea where it breaks off into great pieces.
D
sometimes Iceland has less snow than some other northern countries.
E
and by giving off a little heat, it keeps the weather from becoming too cold.
Question 17 Explanation: 
The passage explains why Arctic winters are not so cold as is usually believed. A radiator gives off heat, so the missing part must say how this heat stops the weather from becoming too cold. The other options do not explain the mild winters.
Question 18

I’ve just finished reading his latest novel, and I must say I found it rather disappointing. _____. In fact, I think I could write a better novel myself!

A
The story was weak and the characters were not at all true to life.
B
It was much better than his earlier novels.
C
He has written ten novels and I have read them all.
D
I think it has received some good reviews.
E
The main character is a delightful person.
Question 18 Explanation: 
The writer found the novel disappointing and thinks they could write a better novel. The gap must give a negative reason: a weak story and unrealistic characters. Options that praise the book contradict this.
Question 19

Bees can fly quite long distances very easily. Moreover, they can fly as fast as ten metres a second. _____. In search of food, bees usually fly out from home for about two miles. Some have been known to return home from as far as ten miles away.

A
The bees go to the place where the hive used to be.
B
What guides the bee when it flies home?
C
Thus a trip of several miles takes only a few minutes.
D
They find their way home because they know all the landmarks around the hive.
E
Several scientists have studied how bees fly home.
Question 19 Explanation: 
The passage is about bees' speed and distance. After the speed (ten metres a second), Thus introduces its result: a trip of several miles takes only a few minutes. The other options are about how bees find their way home, which is a different topic.
Question 20

It was about midday when they came to a small village. They had been driving for over five hours and felt a little tired. _____. It had been converted from a nineteenth-century house. They enjoyed the food and were very pleased with the service.

A
The hotel they stayed in was extremely uncomfortable.
B
The restaurant was very disappointing.
C
The people were very friendly and invited them to their homes.
D
They decided to rest and have lunch at the restaurant by the roadside there.
E
All the passengers on the bus were asleep.
Question 20 Explanation: 
They were tired at midday, and the next sentences say It had been converted from a nineteenth-century house and that they enjoyed the food. So the gap must mention a restaurant where they had lunch. Not The restaurant was very disappointing, because they were pleased with it.
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