Relative Clauses (Adjective Clauses) Advanced Level Test – Quiz (Online Exercise With Answers) 2

Both gaps are subject relative pronouns that refer to people (those = those girls). Who is the usual choice for people, and that is also possible in a defining clause, so those who were fatter … and that gained weight works. Which is not used for people, and whom cannot be the subject of gained.

The verb pattern is hear about someone: we have heard so much about him. In formal English the preposition moves in front of the relative pronoun, and after a preposition we use whom: the man about whom we have heard so much. Not plain whom, because the preposition about would then be missing.

The first gap refers to the place a fresh world, so it needs where (= in which): a fresh world, where the men and women differ …. The second gap completes the fixed conjunction in that, which means because or in the respect that: they differ only in that they live in a literary medium. Not which in the second gap: only in which they live has no noun for which to refer to, so it makes no sense.

This is a non-defining relative clause between commas, and it refers to a thing (the ship), so we use which. That cannot be used in non-defining clauses, and who is for people.

The first gap is the subject of want and refers to people, so it needs who (or that). Whom is an object form, and which is not used for people. After reason(s) the formal relative is for which, which means the same as why: the reasons for which they are ill = the reasons why they are ill. Not of which or in which, because we speak of a reason for something.

The pattern is know (little) about someone: little is known about him. In a formal relative clause the preposition comes before the pronoun, and after a preposition we use whom for a person: an Italian about whom little is known. Not whom alone, because the preposition about is needed.

The clause between commas is non-defining and refers to a thing (the Discovery Channel, a company), and the pronoun is the subject of is set to air. So we need which. That is not used in non-defining clauses, and in which, where and when cannot be the subject of a verb.

The relative pronoun is the object of share (they share interests) and refers to things, so which is correct. In a defining clause like this it could also be left out: interests they share. Not in which, because we share interests; we do not share in them here.

The gap is the subject of captures and refers to a thing (an emotion), so a defining relative pronoun that (or which) is needed. Who and whom are for people, and in which or when cannot be the subject of a verb.

The first gap refers to a person (the only one = Franklin) and is the subject of put, so who is used. The second gap refers to the States, where we live, so it needs a preposition + which: the States in which we still live (= where we still live). Not that or which alone, because live needs the preposition in.

The clause refers to the hoax, a form of writing. The writer pretended to be someone else in the hoax, so we need in which. Not which alone, because he pretended to be someone else is already a complete clause and needs the preposition. That cannot follow a comma in a non-defining clause.

The first gap starts a noun clause about identity: a sense of who he was (= his personality). The second gap is a defining relative pronoun referring back to a sense, and it is the subject of made and makes: a sense … that made and makes him worth knowing. Not how, because how he was would describe his health or condition, not his character.

The gap refers to writer (a person) and is the subject of is, so we need a subject relative pronoun. That is common after negative or general words like no writer, nobody, the only. Whom is an object form, and whose would need a noun after it.

The collocation is write with enjoyment: he wrote with enjoyment. In a formal relative clause the preposition goes before the pronoun: the sense of enjoyment with which he wrote. Not which or that alone, because wrote needs the preposition with here.

The gap is the subject of use and refers to countries (things), so we need which. Not where: where is an adverb and cannot be the subject of a verb. Compare countries where companies use … with countries which use ….

Both gaps are subject relative pronouns referring to the events (things): events that take place … and which are … tied to his father's murder. That and which are both possible in defining clauses. Who is only for people, and where cannot be the subject of take place.

The first gap is a defining relative pronoun referring to companies and acting as subject of can deliver, so that works. The second gap refers to the whole idea before it (delivering such a solution), and this needs a comma + which: …, which is what the owners have done. Not what: what already contains its own noun (= the thing that), so it cannot refer back to a previous clause.

A world is treated as a place, and the clause after it is complete (obesity is becoming … has its own subject), so we need the relative adverb where (= in which). Not which or that: they would have to be the subject or object of the clause, but the clause already has both.

The first gap refers to a person (a king) and is the subject of may have existed, so we use who. The second gap shows possession before a noun (his name), so we use whose: and whose name is on the Sumerian King List. Not of which: it is used for things and cannot come directly before name like this.

The verb pattern is bring something to a place: cereals are brought to the junction. In a formal relative clause the preposition moves before the pronoun: a junction to which cereals are brought (= where cereals are brought). Not whose, because there is no possession: the cereals do not belong to the junction.

The first gap is a defining relative pronoun referring to impulses and acting as subject of are sent, so that fits. The second gap refers to a place (the brain) and introduces a complete clause (they are recognized as images), so we need where. Not when, because the brain is a place, not a time.

The pronoun is the object of get (young people get the disorder) and refers to a thing, so that (or which, or no pronoun) is correct. Not in which or where, because nobody gets something in a disorder; the disorder itself is what they get.

The collocations are take responsibility for and take credit for something. In formal English the preposition goes before the relative pronoun: actions for which you may take responsibility and credit. Not that alone, because for would then be missing; you would have to say that you may take responsibility and credit for.

The pattern is count someone as something: Fitzgerald counts him as his firm’s top litigator. The relative pronoun replaces him, the object of counts, so the formal object form whom is correct. Not whose, because there is no noun after the gap to show possession, and which is not used for people.

The clause refers to a place (the centre) and is complete on its own (you’ll be impressed … has a subject and verb), so the relative adverb where is needed. Not which, because which would need to be the subject or object of the clause, and that clause already has both.