Adjective (Relative) Clauses Advanced Level MCQs Test With Answers 2

This is a defining relative clause about people, and the pronoun is the subject of have. For people we use who or that, so that is correct. Not which, because which is used for things, not people.

The first gap starts a non-defining clause about a person (my grandmother), so we use who. The second gap is a defining clause about the things, so which (or that) is correct. Not what, because what already means 'the thing that' and cannot follow a noun: the things what I say is wrong.

After a quantifier like most, some or all, we use of which for things and of whom for people. House-plants are things, so most of which is correct. Not of whom, because that is only for people.

The clause after the comma is non-defining and describes my computer, a thing. In non-defining clauses we use which for things. Not that, because that cannot start a clause after a comma.

The relative pronoun refers to the CD system, a thing, and is the subject of allows, so which is correct. Where and when are used for places and times, not things.

Whose shows possession: the temples and beaches belong to Thailand (Thailand's temples). It is followed directly by a noun: whose historical golden temples. Not which, because which cannot be followed by a noun that belongs to the antecedent.

The antecedent is a place (the Prince's Islands), and the clause is complete without an object (there are no motor vehicles), so we use where (= on which). Not which, because nothing in the clause is missing for which to replace.

This is a non-defining clause about a person, and the pronoun is the subject of is, so who is correct. Not that, because that is not used after a comma in non-defining clauses.

This is a defining clause about the material, a thing, and the pronoun is the object of the preposition with at the end (cover the chairs with the material). That (or which) is correct. Not of which, because the verb cover … with does not take of.

The pronoun refers to people (customers) and is the subject of wanted, so we use who. Not whom, because whom is only used as an object, never as a subject.

The clause describes a person, and the pronoun is the object of hired (the club hired him). In formal English the object form for people is whom. Not which, because the football star is a person.

Whose shows possession and is followed by a noun: whose songs = Sinatra's songs. Not which, because which songs would not show that the songs belong to him.

This defining clause describes the branch of biology, a thing, and the pronoun is the subject of deals, so that is correct. Not who, because a branch of science is not a person.

The pronoun refers to the people and is the subject of discovered and settled, so who is correct. Which is for things, and whose would need a noun after it.

After a number or quantifier (four thousand, most, some), we use of whom for people and of which for things. The Indians are people, so four thousand of whom is correct. Not whose, because whose must be followed by a noun.

After a preposition we use which for things and whom for people. Here in comes before the gap and the antecedent is a battle, so in which is correct. Not that, because that can never follow a preposition.

After a quantifier such as half, most or some, we use of which for things. Tomatoes are things, so half of which is correct. Not of whom, because that is only for people.

The antecedent is a time (the season), and the clause is complete (they are better …), so we use when. Not which, because nothing in the clause is missing for which to replace.

The Black Sea coast is a place, and the clause is complete without an object (we will have a picnic), so where is correct. Not which, because which would need a missing subject or object in the clause.

The antecedent is a time (last July) and the clause is complete, so we use when in this non-defining clause. Not that, because that cannot follow a comma.

A place is followed by a complete clause (lots of people will see them), so where is correct. Not which, because the clause already has its subject and object.

The gym is a place, and the clause I attend aerobic classes is complete, so where (= at which) is correct. Not which, because which would need a preposition (at which) or a missing object.

The pronoun refers to the security procedures, things, and is the object of follow (we should follow the procedures), so which is correct. Where, when and why do not replace an object.

The first gap follows a time (the year) with a complete clause, so we use when. The second gap begins a non-defining clause about the Berlin Wall, a thing, as the subject of had stood, so we use which. Not why / that, because that cannot follow a comma.

Whose shows possession and is followed by a noun: on whose directions = on his directions. The preposition on comes from rely on. Not whom, because on whom directions is not possible: a noun cannot follow whom.

Here which refers to the whole idea before the comma (his telling us his opinion), not to a single noun. This is called a sentential relative clause, and only which can be used this way. Not that, because that cannot follow a comma.

This non-defining clause describes a person (our previous manager), and the pronoun is the subject of had been, so who is correct. Not that, because that is not used after a comma.

A time is followed by a complete clause (there were beaches …), so we use when. Not which, because the clause has no missing subject or object.

This is a reduced passive clause: Now known as … = Benzylpenicillin, which is now known as penicillin G, …. The past participle known gives the passive meaning. Not knowing, because the molecule does not know anything; it is known by people.

After a preposition we use which for things: in which (= in the game of chess). Not where or that, because neither can follow a preposition.

After nouns of time such as the time or the day, a defining clause can begin with when or that. When is not an option, so that is correct. Not which, because the clause is complete and has no missing subject or object.

The pronoun refers to an organisation, a thing, and is the subject of helps, so which is correct. Whose would need a noun after it, and what cannot follow a noun.

This non-defining clause is about a person (Mozart), and the pronoun is the subject of is considered, so who is correct. Not whom, because it is the subject, and not that, because it follows a comma.

The verb is apologise for something, and the thing is the problem with the room. After a preposition we use which for things: for which. Not that, because that cannot follow a preposition.

This non-defining clause describes the Cyrillic alphabet, a thing, and the pronoun is the subject of is used, so which is correct. Not that, because that cannot follow a comma.

The structure is be associated with someone. After a preposition we use whom for people, and St. Cyril is a person, so with whom is correct. Not which, because that is for things.

This non-defining clause describes the belly dance, a thing, and the pronoun is the subject of originated, so which is correct. Not that, because that cannot follow a comma.

The clause ends with the preposition in (Mozart was born in the city), so the gap must be the object of in: which. Where would be correct only without in (where Mozart was born). That cannot be used after a comma in a non-defining clause.

The preposition in at the end of the clause needs an object (we spent our holiday in the village), so which is correct. Not where, because where already includes the meaning of in; you would say where we spent our holiday without in.

The clause describes a person, and the pronoun is the object of had expected (the teacher had expected him to score …), so the formal object form whom is correct. Not whose, because no noun follows the gap.

Mountain tops are places, and the clause after the gap is complete (the weather is very cold), so we use where (= on which). Not that, because the clause has no missing subject or object for that to replace. Not at which, because we say on mountain tops, not at mountain tops.

Customs evolve in a society, so we need the preposition in + which for a thing: in which. Not that, because the clause they have evolved is complete and needs a preposition to link it to the society.

The first gap is the subject of lies in a non-defining clause about a town, so we use which. The second gap follows the point, a place, with a complete clause (the River Regen flows into …), so we use where. Not where / which, because the first clause needs a subject, not an adverb.

The first gap begins a non-defining clause about the shop as the subject of sells, so we use which. After everything, we normally use that in a defining clause: everything that it sells. Not who / which, because a shop is not a person.

After the right person, the first, the only and similar phrases, we often use a to-infinitive instead of a relative clause: the right person to play = the right person who should play. Not who to play, because a relative pronoun cannot be followed by a to-infinitive here.

The shop is a place, and the clause we eventually found the type of barbecue is complete (it already has an object), so where is correct. Not which or that, because there is no missing subject or object for them to replace.

Whose shows possession and is followed by a noun: whose eyes and nostrils = the hippopotamus's eyes and nostrils. Whose can be used for animals and things as well as people. Not which, because which eyes does not show possession.

The pronoun refers to a film star, a person, and is the subject of began, so who is correct. Whose would need a noun after it.

The pronoun refers to people and is the subject of can speak, so who is correct. Not whom, because whom is only an object form, and not where, because the clause is not about a place.

Whose shows possession and is followed by a noun: whose name = Nova Scotia's name. Not which, because which name would not show that the name belongs to Nova Scotia.

This is a participle clause with an active meaning: Resulting from … = Marshy wasteland, which results from …. The verb result from is intransitive, so it has no passive form. Not Resulted, because a past participle would give a passive meaning that is impossible with this verb.

The verb call needs an object (the Chinese call August …), and the gap replaces that object, so which is correct. Not when, because when is only used when the clause is already complete; here the object of call is missing.

This is a reduced relative clause with an active meaning: the film starring Bruce Willis = the film which stars Bruce Willis. The present participle starring is used. Not starred, because the film stars the actor; it is not starred by him.

Examined by the doctor is a reduced passive clause (= who had been examined), so we use the past participle. Foods containing little fat is a reduced active clause (= foods which contain), so we use the present participle. Not examining / contained, because the meanings would be reversed.

The carpet did not give anything; someone gave it to me, so the meaning is passive. A reduced passive clause uses the past participle: the carpet given to me = the carpet which was given to me. Not giving, because that has an active meaning.

The disease affects the liver, so the meaning is active and we use the present participle: Predominantly affecting the liver, … = Acute viral hepatitis, which mainly affects the liver, …. Not affected, because the disease is not affected by the liver.

This is an active participle clause giving a reason: not approving of = because he does not approve of. The verb is approve of something, and Gregory is the one who disapproves, so the present participle approving is correct. Not approved, because that would give a passive meaning.

The people were hurt in the accident, so the meaning is passive: the people injured = the people who were injured. The past participle is correct. Not injuring, because that would mean the people hurt someone.

The east is a place, and the clause people follow a much more traditional lifestyle is complete, so where is correct. Not which, because there is no missing subject or object in the clause.

The jets were painted by someone, so the meaning is passive: jets painted specially = jets which had been painted specially. The past participle is correct. Not painting, because the jets did not paint anything.

The film was shown to an audience, so the meaning is passive: the first film shown = the first film that was shown. The past participle is used here. Not to show, because that is an active infinitive; the passive form would be to be shown, which is not an option.

The stands sell newspapers, so the meaning is active: stands selling newspapers = stands which sell newspapers. The present participle is correct. Not sold, because the stands themselves are not sold.

The appliances are sold by the company, so the meaning is passive: appliances sold by that company = appliances which are sold by that company. The phrase by that company is the clue. Not selling, because the appliances do not sell anything.

After the only, the first or the last, we often use a to-infinitive instead of a relative clause. Adrian IV was elected by others, so we need the passive infinitive: the only Englishman ever to be elected = the only Englishman who was ever elected. Not to elect, because that would mean he elected someone.

The people risked their lives themselves, so the meaning is active: people risking their lives = people who were risking their lives. The present participle is correct. Not risked, because a past participle here would give a passive meaning, and had risked needs a relative pronoun.