400 Must Have Words for the TOEFL LESSON 10 - Spirituality Vocabulary Test
Question 1 |
Complete each sentence by choosing the best word. Change the form of the word if necessary. Use each word only once.
Traditionally, the Camerian society _____ its leaders, considering them to be sent from the land of the gods.
be inclined to | |
contemplate | |
deify | |
exalted | |
sacrifice |
Question 2 |
To do well in his university courses, he had to _____ a lot of his personal time.
be inclined to | |
contemplate | |
deify | |
exalted | |
sacrifice |
Question 3 |
The generation of American leaders known as “the Founders” are _____ by many scholars for their wisdom and courage.
be inclined to | |
contemplate | |
deify | |
exalted | |
sacrifice |
Question 4 |
She knew she would always _____ agree with what her mother said, so she struggled to remain unbiased.
be inclined to | |
contemplate | |
deify | |
exalted | |
sacrifice |
Question 5 |
The human resources department _____ whether they should let Mary go.
be inclined to | |
contemplate | |
deify | |
exalted | |
sacrifice |
Question 6 |
Choose the likely meaning of the word part that is shared within each set of words.
animism, animal, animation
The root anima probably means _____.
color | |
death | |
many | |
life |
Question 7 |
atheistic, amoral, apathetic
The prefix a probably means _____.
not | |
loving | |
excessive | |
surely |
Question 8 |
Read the passage to review the vocabulary you have learned. Answer the questions that follow.
In Russia, several religions coexist, including Christianity, Judaism, Islam, and animism. The most common religion is Christianity, and most Christians are members of the Russian Orthodox Church. The Church has existed for over 1,000 years, surviving even the official atheism of the Soviet era and the agnosticism that may have been even more prominent at the time. During the communist years, many Russians who practiced Orthodoxy sacrificed career and educational opportunities. The tenacity of Russian Orthodoxy may explain why even nonreligious Russians are inclined to call themselves Russian Orthodox. That same staying power drives the Church today. From 1990 to 2008, the Church was run by Aleksey II of Moscow. Born Aleksey Mikhailovich Ridiger, the future patriarch was from a very pious family. As a boy, Aleksey was often taken by his parents on their annual pilgrimages, when he most certainly began contemplation of the religious way of life he was to choose. As patriarch, Aleksey was exalted in the Church governance, but he was not deified. Aleksey published articles on Church history and peacemaking in both the ecclesiastical and secular press, broadening the Church’s image both in Russia and abroad.
Bonus Structure — Here As patriarch means “while working in the position of church leader.”
Which sentence best expresses the essential information of this passage?
The Russian Orthodox Church was banned under Soviet control. | |
Few Russians believe in a god. | |
Aleksey II has updated the church’s image. | |
The Russian Orthodox Church has a long history of strong membership in Russia. |
Question 9 |
According to the passage, Aleksey II of Moscow was _____.
a god | |
a high church official | |
a secular leader | |
an atheist |
|
List |
Word List
agnostic [æɡˈnɑstɪk] adj.
Believing that humans cannot know whether there is a god
→ His devoutly Christian parents had problems with his agnostic beliefs.
Parts of speech agnostic n., agnosticism n.
animism [ˈænəˌmɪzəm] n.
The belief that natural objects, such as trees, have souls
→ Desert cultures that practice animism often believe that winds contain spirits.
Parts of speech animistic adj.
atheist [ˈeɪθiəst] n.
One who does not believe in the existence of a supreme being
→ He argued that his scientific training made it impossible for him to be anything but an atheist.
Parts of speech atheistic adj.
be inclined to [ɪnˈklaɪn] v.
To favor an opinion or a course of action
→ He couldn’t say which candidate he favored, but he had always been inclined to vote Republican.
Parts of speech incline n., inclination n.
contemplate [ˈkɑn(t)əmˌpleɪt] v.
To consider thoughtfully
→ If you contemplate each step for so long,we will never complete this project on time.
Parts of speech contemplation n., contemplative adj.
deify [ˈdiəˌfaɪ] v.
To worship as a god
→ When people deify the leader of their country, the leader is able to abuse power more easily.
Parts of speech deity n.
ecclesiastical [əˌkliziˈæstək(ə)l] adj.
Relating to a church
→ He was looking specifically for a university where he could study ecclesiastical history.
Parts of speech ecclesiastic n., ecclesiastically adv.
exalt [ɪɡˈzɔlt] v.
To praise or honor
→ He would often exalt the virtues of his new wife.
Parts of speech exaltation n.
pious [ˈpaɪəs] adj.
Having or exhibiting religious reverence
→ Sometimes she was so pious that the rest of us felt like heathens.
Parts of speech piousness n., piety n., piously adv.
sacrifice [ˈsækrəˌfaɪs] v.
Anything offered to a deity as a religious thanksgiving; giving up something in order to have something more valuable later on
→ Every harvest time, the Fadeloni people sacrificed vegetables to their gods as a show of thanks.
Parts of speech sacrifice n., sacrificial adj., sacrificially adv.
