Conditionals (If Clauses) and Wish Clauses Advanced Level Test – Quiz Online Exercise With Answers 2

The first gap describes a real, general situation, so use a simple if clause: If you live on the Florida coast…. Just in case is a fixed phrase meaning 'as a precaution, because something might happen'. Not provided: it means 'only on condition that', which doesn't fit a general fact, and just so doesn't complete the sentence.

This is a first conditional about a real future possibility: if + present simple, will + base verb (If the ban holds, it will mean…). The present tense brings and each year show a real situation, not an imagined past. Not held / would have meant: would have + past participle needs had + past participle in the if clause and refers to the past.

This is a real, general condition, so both clauses use the present: If you want…, you need to purchase…. Not want / must be purchasing: must + continuous describes a deduction about what is happening now, not a requirement.

A first conditional gives advice about a real situation: If you have long-term goals, you will need to set money aside. Not are having: have meaning 'possess' is a state verb and is not normally used in the continuous form.

This is a third conditional about an unreal past: if + past perfect, would have + past participle. The election did not go as expected, so Europe did look up (paid attention): If it had gone as expected, the rest of Europe wouldn't have looked up. Not had gone / shouldn't have looked: should gives advice or obligation, not the imagined result.

The words current proposals and is currently practised show a hypothetical present or future situation, so use a second conditional: if + past simple, would + base verb. The impact is something that is realised (achieved), so the if clause needs the passive were realised. Not had realised: it is active and makes the impact the doer of the action.

This is a first conditional describing a real possible future: If you start to reduce…, that will make…. Not could start / will make: could in the if clause expresses an unreal ability and does not combine with will in the result clause.

This is a first conditional about a real present possibility: if + present simple, will + base verb (If reducing costs is the top priority, the company will need to…). The gerund subject reducing costs takes a singular verb, is. Not were / could have needed: were is for an unreal present, but could have needed refers to the past, so the tenses do not match.

To express regret about the past, use wish + past perfect: I wish Mum hadn't whistled. The clue is while she was doing, which places the action in the past. Not wouldn't be whistling: wish + would complains about an annoying habit in the present or future, not a finished past event.

This is a mixed conditional: a past condition (if + past perfect: had been punctual) with a present result (would + base verb: wouldn't be so upset now). The word now shows the result is in the present. Not had been / wouldn't have been: that is a third conditional, so the result would also be in the past, which clashes with now.

After in case we use the present simple or, more formally, should + base verb to show that something is less likely: in case we should need it. Will is not used after in case to talk about the future, so will need, shall need and would need are wrong.

The first sentence shows a past mistake (ought to have checked). The second gives its imagined present result, as in a mixed conditional with the if clause left out: (If they had checked,) they could be visiting somewhere else now. Could be + -ing describes a possible action in progress now. Not would have visited: it refers to the past and doesn't fit now.

To express regret about a lack of ability in the past, use wish + could have + past participle: I wish we could have solved the problem. The clue is we could not, which is past. Not could solve: it refers to the present or future. Not would have solved: would is not used after wish when the subject is we and the wish is about our own ability.

After as if, an unreal past form shows that something is not true: the teddy bear was not real. Because the imagined state is at the same time as chatted, use were (or informally was), not the past perfect. Not had been: it would refer to a time before the chatting.

Unless means 'except if': damages may not be imposed, except in the case where the owner directed or participated in the wrong. If, provided and on condition that would reverse the meaning, so the sentence would make no logical sense. Supposed is not a conjunction.

Provided (that) means 'only on the condition that': you can go to the party, but only if you are back by midnight. Not as long: the full conjunction is as long as. Not in case: it means 'as a precaution', not a condition.

Unless means 'if… not': if a telescope is not convenient to use, it will be put away and forgotten. If, only if, providing and on condition that would give the opposite and illogical meaning that a convenient telescope gets ignored.

Should + subject + base verb is an inverted, formal first conditional (= If I see him tomorrow). It is followed by a real result with will: Should I see him tomorrow, I will talk to him. Not Were I to see / have talked: Were I to needs would + base verb in the result clause, and tomorrow rules out the present perfect.

Before the end of the century sets the time limit. Unless (= if… not) gives the condition: the species will disappear if action is not taken. Not by / as if: by the end would fit, but as if compares with an unreal situation and makes no sense here.

Even if means 'it makes no difference whether this is true': elderly people can still get the disease although they have been immunized. Not if: it would suggest that being immunized is the cause of their vulnerability.

What if + clause asks about the possible results of an imagined situation: What if the increase continues at its current rate? = What will happen if it does? Not In case, Unless or As long as: they introduce a clause that is part of a longer sentence, not a direct question.

Even if shows that the result does not change under the condition: consumers will keep buying anchovy, whether or not the price rises a lot. The clue is so popular. Not if: it would make the price rise a reason for buying.

As long as means 'on condition that': the law protects students' articles on the condition that they are not libellous or obscene. Not Only if: when an only if clause comes first, the main clause needs inversion (Only if…, do laws protect…). Not Unless: with the negative clause, it would reverse the meaning.

So long as (= as long as) means 'on condition that' and also 'for the whole time that': the partnership worked only during the period when this situation existed. Not unless: it would mean the partnership worked when the companies did NOT fear their competitor more. Not if only: it expresses a wish or regret.

Unless means 'except if': protein is good for everyone except when they eat an extreme amount of it. Not only if: it would say protein is good only when eaten in extreme amounts, which is illogical.